Trimethylamine-N-Oxide
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
The biosynthesis of trimethylamine-N-oxide.
Norris and Benoit (1) provided ‘good evidence that injected trimethylamine is converted in the rat to its N-oxide and excreted in the urine. Other mammals have been shown to have the ability to effect the same reaction (2, 3). In a preliminary communication (4), we have reported that hog liver microsomes will catalyze the oxidation of trimethylamine in vitro. The additional requirement for redu...
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Trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) are widespread in the ocean and are important nitrogen source for bacteria. TMA monooxygenase (Tmm), a bacterial flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO), is found widespread in marine bacteria and is responsible for converting TMA to TMAO. However, the molecular mechanism of TMA oxygenation by Tmm has not been explained. Here, we determined t...
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Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a small colorless amine oxide generated from choline, betaine, and carnitine by gut microbial metabolism. It accumulates in the tissue of marine animals in high concentrations and protects against the protein-destabilizing effects of urea. Plasma level of TMAO is determined by a number of factors including diet, gut microbial flora and liver flavin monooxygenase...
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Patients with CKD are at an increased risk for the development of cardiovascular disease even beyond traditional risk factors. Although uremic toxins have been proposed as important contributors in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal disease progression in CKD, the sources and the processes of generating these toxins arediverse. Perturbations of the intestinal microbiota composition in...
متن کاملWater-mediated interactions between trimethylamine-N-oxide and urea.
The amphiphilic osmolyte trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is commonly found in natural organisms, where it counteracts biochemical stress associated with urea in aqueous environments. Despite the important role of TMAO as osmoprotectant, the mechanism behind TMAO's action has remained elusive. Here, we study the interaction between urea, TMAO, and water in solution using broadband (100 MHz-1.6 THz...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: JACC: Basic to Translational Science
سال: 2021
ISSN: 2452-302X
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.12.013